短语搭配

1. severe criticism

严厉批评

2. severe punishment

严重处罚；严厉惩罚；严厉处罚

3. more severe

更严重；更严厉；更加严重

4. severe damage

严重破损；严重损坏

5. severe pain

严重疼痛；重度疼痛；剧烈疼痛

6. severe drought

严重干旱；重度干旱；旱情严重

7. severe head injury

严重头部损伤；重型颅脑损伤；重型脑外伤

8. severe cold

严寒；极寒；大寒

9. severe disability

严重的残疾

10. severe shortage

严重短缺

11. severe infection

严重感染

12. severe malnutrition

严重营养不良

13. severe blow

严重的打击

14. severe injury

严重损伤；重度损伤；严重伤害

15. severe winter

寒冬

16. severe illness

危重疾病；严重的疾病

17. severe lack

严重缺乏

18. severe penalty

严惩；重罚

19. severe depression

严重抑郁症；严重抑郁；严重沮丧；重度抑郁症

20. severe recession

严重的经济衰退

双语例句

1. They predicted a severe economic downturn.

他们预言将会有一次严重的经济衰退。

2. Sars is a severe respiratory disease.

非典是一种严重的呼吸系统疾病。

3. My father criticized me in a severe tone when I made a mistake.

当我犯错误时，我爸爸以严厉的口吻批评我。

4. He had severe abrasions to his right cheek.

他的右脸有几处严重擦伤。

5. Arthritis can cause severe joint pain.

关节炎会引起严重的关节疼痛。

6. The earthquake was a severe disaster.

这次地震是一场严重的灾害。

7. Smog causes severe breathing problems.

烟雾会导致严重的呼吸问题。

8. A severe toothache can ruin your day.

严重的牙痛可以毁掉你的一天。

9. Extreme rain has caused severe flooding in parts of central China.

极端的暴雨天气已在中国中部的部分地区造成了严重的洪涝灾害。

10. There are severe consequences if you're caught using a fake passport.

被发现使用假护照的后果非常严重。

11. I wasn't really planning on it. I actually suffer from pretty severe social anxiety.

我没打算去。我其实有相当严重的社交焦虑症。

12. That heavy rain causes a severe flood in this city.

那场大雨导致城里发生了严重的涝灾

13. We cannot forget that there are still severe water shortages in many areas of the world.

我们不能忘记世界上有许多地区仍然严重缺水。

14. Meth can cause severe health problems.

冰毒会导致严重的健康问题。

15. The earthquake caused severe damage.

这次地震造成了严重的破坏。

16. He was recovering from a severe bout of flu.

他当时正从一次严重的流感中康复。

17. The marathon is a severe test of stamina.

马拉松赛跑是对耐力的严峻考验。

18. More severe rainstorms and floods.

更严重的暴雨和洪水。

19. There was severe turmoil in the city.

城市中发生了严重的骚乱。

20. Severe emesis can lead to dehydration.

严重的呕吐可能导致脱水。

21. She said she feels great, but two others had a severe reaction to the vaccine.

她表示感觉良好，但是另外两人对疫苗产生了严重的过敏反应。

22. A common drug used by doctors has become a possible new treatment for severe Covid-19 patients.

一种医生常用药物可能成为治疗新冠肺炎重症患者的新药物。

23. A full marathon is a severe test of strength and endurance.

全程马拉松是对体力和耐力的极大考验。

24. The patient suffered severe brain trauma.

患者的大脑受到严重损伤。

25. Knowing the signs of a severe allergic reaction and how to respond quickly could save a life.

了解过敏反应的症状并了解如何快速做出反应可以拯救生命。

近义词

1. adj. 严峻的；严厉的；剧烈的；苛刻的

词根词缀

(1)sever严肃的

several adj. 几个的；数个的；若干的；各自的；分别的；个别的；单独的；单个的；各个的；不同的；各种各样的；[律]非连带负担的

dissever v. 分开；隔开；分离；断开；划分；分裂；割裂；切割；使分散

asseverate vt. 断言；郑重声言；郑重声明

(2)-e

同根词

词根 severe

(1)severely adv.严重地；严格地，严厉地；纯朴地

(2)severity n.严重；严格；猛烈

(3)severeness n.严重；艰难；紧凑；纯朴

单词辨析

1. 严肃的 (solemn sober earnest grave severe serious )

solemn 指人表情或场景气氛严肃，侧重威严名印象深刻。

sober 侧重因控制或抑制自己的感情而表现出的庄重。

earnest 指严肃，认真，含诚恳和热情意味。

grave 侧重严肃和尊严，需要认真思考，含令人担忧意味。

severe 指面孔的严肃，法律的严厉，伤病的严重。着重严厉性，无丝毫温情。

serious 指具有关键、严肃或严重意义的事情。

考纲分布

近15年出现4次 重要程度

100% adj 很严重的

0% adj 极其严厉的; 苛刻的

考纲释义

1. adj. 很严重的

They suffered severe hardships.他们遭受了严重的困难。[2022年 全国乙卷 阅读]

It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.它（积极思考）也不会造成任何严重的情\n绪不适。[2020年 北京卷 阅读]

2. adj. 极其严厉的; 苛刻的

The country's agreement with EDF to build two units at Hinkley Point has come under severe criticism over its cost.该国与EDF（法国电力公司）达成的在欣克\n利角建造两个核电单元的协议因其成本而受到严厉批评。[2019年 上海春季卷 阅读]

必考派生词

severity n. 严重；严格；猛烈；严肃；剧烈；危险；严厉的举止；痛苦；（文风等）朴素；简洁；艰苦

考纲分布

近12年出现15次 重要程度

53% adj 严重的

47% adj 艰难的

0% adj 严厉的; 苛刻的

考纲释义

1. adj. 严重的((of something bad or undesirable) very great)

For example, 10 bacteria or less of an especially deadly strain of bacteria can cause severe illness and death in people with compromised immune systems.例如，10个或更少的特别致命的细菌菌株，就能使免疫系统受损的人得重病和死亡。[2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.井是更可靠的淡水来源，加利福尼亚州希望这些深井能解决他们严重缺水的问题。[2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

As demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-price inflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries.由于食品需求的增长速度快于供应的增长速度，由此导致的食品价格上涨给许多国家的政府带来了严重的压力。[2016年 CET4 阅读理解]

必考派生词

severely adv. 严重地；严格地；严厉地；严肃地

severity n. 严重；严格；猛烈；严肃；剧烈；危险；严厉的举止；痛苦；（文风等）朴素；简洁；艰苦

考纲分布

近12年出现7次 重要程度

71% adj 严重的

29% adj 严厉的; 苛刻的

考纲释义

必考派生词

severely adv. 严重地；严格地；严厉地；严肃地

severity n. 严重；严格；猛烈；严肃；剧烈；危险；严厉的举止；痛苦；（文风等）朴素；简洁；艰苦

考纲分布

近18年出现12次 重要程度

67% adj 严重的

33% adj 严厉的; 苛刻的

0% adj 艰难的

考纲释义

1. adj. 严重的((of something bad or undesirable) very great)

In Indonesia, the program has provided enough food and medicine to substantially reduce severe growth problems among children.在印度尼西亚，该项目已经提供了足够的食物和药品，大大减少了儿童严重的生长问题。[2021年 英语一 阅读理解A]

Even among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe symptoms.即使在那些感冒的人中，那些感受到更多社会支持和接受更多拥抱的人症状也没有那么严重。[2017年 英语一 完型填空]

They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances.当面临严重的紧急情况时，他们仍然可以使第四修正案的保护无效。[2015年 英语一 阅读理解A]

2. adj. 严厉的; 苛刻的(demanding great ability skill, or resilience)

The author’s attitude toward choosing Mauna Kea as the TMT site is one of severe criticism.作者对选择莫纳基亚作为TMT网站的态度是严厉的批评之一。[2017年 英语一 阅读理解A]

The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep — and bone-showing.然而，法国的措施过于依赖严厉的惩罚来改变一种仍然将美丽视为肤浅和露骨的文化。[2016年 英语一 阅读理解A]

必考短语

(1)severe criticism严厉批评

(2)severe punishment严重处罚；严厉惩罚；严厉处罚

必考派生词

severely adv. 严重地；严格地；严厉地；严肃地

单词辨析

1. 严厉的severe 意为“严格的、严厉的”，指坚持标准，不迁就。 stern 意为“严厉的、严格的、严峻的”，指毫不姑息。 strict 意为“严厉的、严谨的”，指精确严密。