短语搭配

1. give someone to understand

通知

2. not understand

不理解；不了解；不明白

3. do not understand

不懂；不明白；不理解

4. fully understand

完全理解；完全明白

5. clearly understand

清楚地明白；清楚地了解

6. thoroughly understand

完全理解

7. completely understand

完全明白；完全了解

8. hardly understand

几乎不理解

9. properly understand

正确理解；正确认识

10. understand perfectly

理解完美；完全理解

11. barely understand

几乎不了解；难以理解；勉强懂

12. understand nature

了解自然；了解本质

13. immediately understand

立刻明白

14. understand situation

了解情况

15. understand word

理解单词

16. understand meaning

理解意思；理解意义；理解的意义

17. understand intuitively

直观的了解

18. understand thing

理解事物

19. understand principle

理解原理

20. understand significance

理解重要性

双语例句

1. I don't understand this word.

我不理解这个词。

2. I don’t understand why airplanes don’t have Wi-Fi on-board.

我不明白飞机上为什么没Wi-Fi。

3. No one in the class could understand the write-up on the new TV show–it used too many big words.

班上没人明白新电视节目上的报告，因为节目用了很多陌生词汇。

4. No, it was difficult to understand the words.

不，理解那些词很困难。

5. Make sure pupils understand the task.

确保学生们理解任务。

6. But I don't understand many of the words.

但我不理解很多单词。

7. Do you understand the instructions?

你懂得这些指令的意思吗？

8. In order to understand the principle of this machine, I dismantled it.

为了弄懂这台机器的原理，我把它拆开了。

9. It's vital to understand your market before rolling out a new product.

推出新产品之前了解市场非常重要。

10. I do and I understand.

我做了就理解了。

11. None of us understand Spanish.

我们都不懂西班牙语。

12. It seems like you maybe don’t understand what I’m saying.

好像你没懂我的意思。

13. I understand your problems with the business plan, but as they say, you have to spend money to make money.

我理解你对商业计划有质疑，不过就像别人说的，舍不得孩子套不着狼。

14. You don't have to understand every word.

你不必理解每个单词。

15. You'll never get him to understand.

你永远不会使他明白的。

16. You don't need to understand every word.

你不需要理解每一个单词。

17. Did you understand the opera?

你理解那场戏了吗？

18. Does he fully understand the situation?

他真的充分了解现在的形势吗？

19. I fully understand your motives.

我完全理解你的动机。

20. I don't understand what my personal life has to do with you.

我不理解我的私生活和你有什么关系。

21. I am not sure that I understand.

我不确定我是否理解。

22. Check pupils understand the story.

检查学生是否理解故事。

23. The teacher talked a lot to the children, but they still didn't understand.

老师跟孩子们说了很多话，但他们还是不明白。

24. Can you understand French?

你懂法语吗？

25. "I quite understand," he replied.

“我很理解”，他回答道。

26. The workshop really helped them understand how to improve their interpersonal skills.

专题讨论会确实帮助他们了解了怎样提高自己的人际交往能力。

近义词

1. vt. 理解；懂；获悉；推断；省略

2. vi. 理解；懂得；熟悉

词根词缀

(1)under-在...下面

undercut v. 切除…的下部；底切；削弱；低于…的价格销售；削价竞争；暗中破坏；削弱；切除；掏空；底切；下旋削；磨去…的下部；降低（成本或价格）以获得竞争优势；在价格或条件上对…构成威胁；使降低效力；下旋削（球）；[农]在（树干、木材等）上开下口

undergraduate n. （尚未获得学位的）大学生；大学未毕业生；学士学位候选人

underground adv. 在地下；地道内；地底下；转入地下；密密地；隐蔽地；隐匿地

underline v. 在…画线；画底线标出；强调；突现；突出重要性；标出重点；使显著

underpin v. 支撑；加强（结构的基础）；巩固（信念、理论或系统）；构成（…的基础等）；加固…的地基；强化

underplay v. 轻描淡写；淡化；低调处理；故意表现得不突出；刻意降低（某事物的）重要性

underrate v. 低估；轻视；看轻；过低评价

underscore v. 强调；突出；着重说明；加下划线以示重要；使显著；强调重要性

undervalue v. 低估；轻视；贬低；对…评价过低；对…估价不足；对…认识不足

underway adj. 正在进行中的；起步的；航行中的

underwear n. 内衣；贴身衣物；底衣；基础衣物

underdeveloped adj. 不发达的；发育不全的；欠发达的；未充分发展的；发育不良的

underfund v. 资金不足；提供资金不足；投入资金不足；拨款不足；资助不够

understate v. 轻描淡写；避重就轻地说；低调表述；保守地说；谦虚地说；有节制地表达；低估

(2)standv. 使直立

同根词

词根 understand

(1)understanding adj.了解的；聪明的；有理解力的 n.谅解，理解；理解力；协议 v.理解；明白（understand的ing形式）

(2)understandable adj.可以理解的；可以了解的

(3)understood adj.被充分理解的；心照不宣的 v.明白；懂得（understand的过去分词）；熟悉

(4)understandably adv.可理解地

(5)understandability n.易懂

单词辨析

1. 理解 (grasp appreciate understand comprehend apprehend )

grasp 从本义抓紧、抓住，引申作“理解、掌握”。

appreciate 语气较弱，指对某事物或意义有充分的理解。着重有能力领域或觉察。

understand 一般用词，很常用，指对事实或意义不仅知道得很清楚。

comprehend 较正式用词，指对较复杂的事物能透彻理解其意义。

apprehend 指知道某事物或某观念的大概意义，但未能理解其内涵意义，暗含一知半解意味。

2. 懂；知道；明了 (understand learn comprehend know )

understand 指对事物已有彻底的认识，不仅知其性质、含义和细节，而且了解其内外的关系。

learn 通常指通过他人而获得消息或情况，侧重从不知到知的变化过程。

comprehend 侧重熟悉了解的过程。

know 普通用词，多指通过学习、经验或他人传播而得到知识，含直接知道的意味。

考纲分布

近6年出现424次 重要程度

78% v 懂; 理解

12% v 了解; 认识到

8% v 谅解; 体谅

2% v 得知; 据信; 认为

考纲释义

1. v. 懂; 理解(get the meaning of words, a language, what someone says, or others)

It's much easier to understand the words with the help of the dictionary.有了字典的帮助，理解这些词就容易多了。[2020年 连云港市卷 完型填空]

But when she began to write, she found that she had much trouble understanding the reports.但当她开始写作时，她才发现要理解这些报告有很多困难。[2019年 哈尔滨市卷 阅读理解]

I'm sorry to cut in on you, but there are one or two things I don't understand.我很抱歉打断你，但有一两件事我不明白。[2018年 连云港市卷 选词填空]

2. v. 了解; 认识到(know or realize how or why something happens, how it works or why it is important)

One basic part of ocean study is understanding waves and how they work.海洋研究的一个基本内容是了解海浪及其工作原理。[2020年 青岛市卷 阅读理解]

A lot of people don't understand wind power very well.很多人不太了解风能。[2019年 青岛市卷 阅读理解]

Edward quickly understood that these poor people were in trouble.Edward很快意识到，这些可怜人有麻烦了。[2018年 河北省卷 阅读理解]

3. v. 谅解; 体谅(have a sympathetic attitude)

It's important to understand and learn from each other.相互理解和学习是很重要的。[2020年 山西省卷 完型填空]

Try to understand what other people are facing.试着体谅别人的处境。[2019年 新疆卷 单项选择]

When we have different ideas, we should understand each other/one another.当有不同意见时，我们应该互相理解。[2018年 重庆市卷 阅读表达]

4. v. 得知; 据信; 认为(to think or believe that something is true because you have been told that it is)

The first group of people understood that the computer would store the information.第一个小组的人认为计算机会存储信息。[2021年 德阳市卷 阅读理解]

Now, I understand that you are from a planet called Zadernol?我听说你来自一个叫Zadernol的星球?[2020年 南京市卷 阅读理解]

It is understood that different cultures around the world have different ways of showing beauty.大家都知道，世界各地的不同文化有不同的方式来展示美。[2018年 杭州市卷 语法填空]

必考派生词

misunderstand v. 误解；曲解；错误地解释；误解…的话misunderstanding n. 误解；误会；曲解；冲突；矛盾；分歧；不和；争执；意见不一

understanding n. 理解；了解；领会；谅解；体谅；理解力；洞察力；判断力；协议；非正式协议；共识；认识；悟性

understood v. 理解；了解；明白；认识到；懂得；明了；（understand的过去式和过去分词）

understandable adj. 可理解的；明白的；合乎情理的；易懂的

单词辨析

1. 知道，了解know 普通用词，多指通过学习、经验或他人传播而得到知识，含直接知道的意味。 learn 通常指通过他人而获得消息或情况，侧重从不知到知的变化过程。 understand 指对事物已有彻底的认识，不仅知其性质、含义和细节，而且了解其内外的关系。

用法讲解

understand是表示心理或感情状态的动词，一般不用于进行体，也不用于现在完成时。

考纲分布

近15年出现12次 重要程度

92% v 了解; 认识到

8% v 理解; 弄懂

考纲释义

1. v. 了解; 认识到(know or realize how or why something happens, how it works or why it is important)

Anneke understands how fear can get in the way of so many things people dream of doing.Anneke明白了恐惧是如何阻碍人们完成梦想之事的。[2021年 天津卷 阅读表达]

I understand it is $800 a month.我知道是每月800美元。[2018年 全国卷 听力]

A nurse who understands the healing (治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients.了解静默治疗功效的护士都可以把此方法运用到病人护理工作中。[2016年 全国卷 阅读理解]

2. v. 理解; 弄懂(get the meaning of words, a language, what someone says, or others)

As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.虽然收到一张中文写的明信片会很酷，但如果一个人不理解它，这个概念就没用了。[2021年 浙江卷 七选五]

For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other.为了postcrossing网站在全世界范围工作，我们需要一种通用的交流语言，这样每个人都可以相互理解。[2021年 浙江卷 七选五]

Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects.成年人理解被各种物品淹没的感觉。[2018年 全国卷 阅读理解]

必考派生词

misunderstand v. 误解；曲解；错误地解释；误解…的话misunderstood vt. 误解；误会；（misunderstand的过去式）misunderstanding n. 误解；误会；曲解；冲突；矛盾；分歧；不和；争执；意见不一

understanding n. 理解；了解；领会；谅解；体谅；理解力；洞察力；判断力；协议；非正式协议；共识；认识；悟性

understandable adj. 可理解的；明白的；合乎情理的；易懂的

用法讲解

understand后可跟“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语： Some people understand how to use electricity, but they don't fully understand what it is. 有些人明白怎样用电，但是他们不完全明白电是什么。

考纲分布

近12年出现96次 重要程度

95% v 了解; 认识到

3% v 理解; 弄懂

2% v 同情; 体谅

0% vt 默认; 不言而喻

0% v 推测

考纲释义

1. v. 了解; 认识到(know or realize how or why something happens; how it works or why it is important)

They should learn to understand family responsibilities.他们应该学会理解家庭责任。[2020年 CET4 阅读理解C]

Understand the complex process of mental functioning.理解心理运作的复杂过程。[2016年 CET4 阅读理解]

Understand the relation between physical and mental health.理解身体健康与心理健康之间的关系。[2016年 CET4 阅读理解]

2. v. 理解; 弄懂(get the meaning of words; a language; what someone says; or others)

We want people to understand what they're eating, how to prepare it, the role food plays in their lives.我们希望人们了解他们正在吃什么，如何准备它们，以及食物在他们的生活中扮演的角色。[2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone else.几千年来人们一直都清楚，理解一个概念最好的方式就是向别人解释这个概念。[2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

It helps students understand in a way that you can't do with print homework assignments.它帮助学生理解的方式，是你用打印作业无法做到的。[2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

What white middle-class parents do not always understand is how much pressure recent immigrants feel to boost their children into the middle class.白人中产阶级父母不太理解的是，新移民将孩子推入中产阶级要承受多么大的压力。[2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

3. v. 同情; 体谅(have a sympathetic attitude)

Something each of us can do is to understand deeply that the issue of poverty touches all of us.我们每个人都可以做的是深刻理解触及我们所有人的贫困问题。[2020年 CET4 阅读理解B]

必考派生词

misunderstand v. 误解；曲解；错误地解释；误解…的话misunderstanding n. 误解；误会；曲解；冲突；矛盾；分歧；不和；争执；意见不一

understanding n. 理解；了解；领会；谅解；体谅；理解力；洞察力；判断力；协议；非正式协议；共识；认识；悟性

understandable adj. 可理解的；明白的；合乎情理的；易懂的understandably adv. 可理解地

用法讲解

understand是表示心理或感情状态的动词，一般不用于进行体，也不用于现在完成时。

考纲分布

近12年出现97次 重要程度

43% v 理解; 弄懂

30% v 了解; 认识到

19% v 同情; 体谅

8% v 推测

考纲释义

1. v. 理解; 弄懂(get the meaning of words, a language, what someone says, or others)

At other times, we personify products in an effort to understand them.在其他时候，我们将产品拟人化，以努力了解它们。[2019年 CET6 阅读理解]

The best seek to alleviate the external pressures on their pupils while equipping them better to understand and handle the world outside.最好的方法是减轻学生的外部压力，同时使他们更好地理解和处理外界环境。[2019年 CET6 阅读理解]

The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make informed decisions.公众必须理解科学基础知识才能做出明智的选择。[2018年 CET6 阅读理解]

Scientists are only just beginning to understand what those constraints are.科学家才刚刚开始了解那些制约因素是什么。[2018年 CET6 阅读理解]

2. v. 了解; 认识到(know or realize how or why something happens, how it works or why it is important)

But while there is money available to be spent on it, the search to understand the secrets of ageing will be ongoing.但是，尽管有资金可用于此，但了解衰老秘密的探索仍将继续。[2021年 CET6 听力]

It's easy to understand why people sometimes disobey procedures intentionally.很容易理解为什么人们有时故意不遵守程序。[2021年 CET6 听力]

They cannot understand directives.他们无法理解指令。[2021年 CET6 听力]

3. v. 推测(have reason to believe)

Despite the huge investment into research, ageing remains somewhat obscure, although there are certain things researchers do understand.尽管对研究进行了巨大的投资，但老龄化仍然有些晦涩难懂，尽管研究人员对某些事情有所了解。[2021年 CET6 听力]

必考派生词

misunderstand v. 误解；曲解；错误地解释；误解…的话misunderstanding n. 误解；误会；曲解；冲突；矛盾；分歧；不和；争执；意见不一

understanding n. 理解；了解；领会；谅解；体谅；理解力；洞察力；判断力；协议；非正式协议；共识；认识；悟性

understandable adj. 可理解的；明白的；合乎情理的；易懂的understandably adv. 可理解地

用法讲解

understand是表示心理或感情状态的动词，一般不用于进行体，也不用于现在完成时。

考纲分布

近18年出现45次 重要程度

56% v 认识到; 明了

18% v 懂; 理解

16% v 了解; 谅解; 体谅

4% v 得知; 据信; 认为

4% vt 默认; 不言而喻

2% v 推断出

考纲释义

1. v. 认识到; 明了(know or realize how or why something happens, how it works or why it is important)

It is much harder, however, to understand their negative consequences.然而，认识它们的负面后果要困难得多。[2021年 英语二 完型填空]

Now we can understand each other's positions and recognize our shared values, since we both care about needy workers.现在我们能明白彼此的立场，并认识到我们共同的价值观，因为我们都关心贫困的工人。[2019年 英语一 阅读理解B]

Surveys and test samples have also become important for understanding the larger landscapes that contain archaeological sites.调查和测试样本对于认识包含考古遗址的更大景观也变得很重要。[2014年 英语一 阅读理解B]

2. v. 懂; 理解(perceive the intended meaning of (words, a language, or a speaker))

I understand this.我明白这一点。[2020年 英语二 完型填空]

Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured.这种寻求知识和理解我们已经知道的信息的行为被捕获了。[2020年 英语一 翻译]

What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for \fundamental fairness\ .我们应该理解，激励他的是他对“基本公平”的热情。[2014年 英语一 阅读理解A]

3. v. 了解; 谅解; 体谅(to know somebody's character, how they feel and why they behave in the way they do)

We neither understand nor respect each other, and we have no basis for compromise or cooperation.我们既不理解也不尊重对方，我们没有妥协或合作的基础。[2019年 英语一 阅读理解B]

I understand Reding's reluctance — and her frustration.我理解Reding的不情愿——以及她的沮丧。[2013年 英语二 阅读理解A]

必考派生词

misunderstand v. 误解；曲解；错误地解释；误解…的话

understood v. 理解；了解；明白；认识到；懂得；明了；（understand的过去式和过去分词）

understanding n. 理解；了解；领会；谅解；体谅；理解力；洞察力；判断力；协议；非正式协议；共识；认识；悟性

用法讲解

understand做动词表示“听说，获悉”时，一般用于比较正式的场合，示例： The Prime Minister is understood to have been extremely angry about the report. 据说首相对这份报告大为恼火。

understand，see，get均可以表示“理解”，区别在于： understand指懂、理解、领会（词意、语言、话语等），了解、认识到、明白（事情如何或为何发生、如何起作用或为何重要等）。 see指理解、明白、领会（正在发生的事、某人的话、某事如何起作用或重要性如何）。 get指理解、明白（笑话、某人试图告知的事或描述的情况）