短语搭配

1. fight against

打击, 斗争, 抗击

2. phr. race against

和…比赛

3. go against

反对；抵抗；与（一种情绪；原则）相反；对…不利的

4. guard against

防范；提防；避免

5. phr. warn against

警告；告诫；告诫（某人）提防...

6. run against

与…相撞；偶然碰见

7. struggle against

进行斗争；和...作斗争；对抗

8. protect against

预防, 使…免受

9. phr.v file a lawsuit against

起诉；对...提出诉讼

10. against the law

违法

11. compete against sb.

与某人竞争

12. turn against

与…为敌；转而反对

13. phr. battle against

与...作战

14. phr. compete against

与…竞争；抗衡

15. phr. play against

与…对抗；交手；比赛

16. phr. set against

映衬

17. phr. rebel against

反叛；反抗；叛逆

18. phr. work against

努力反对；努力抵制；竭力反对

19. up against

靠近；接触；面临；面对

20. discriminate against

歧视；歧视了；对歧视

双语例句

1. Her clean and concise argument against the defendant helped her win the case.

她对于被告的清晰简洁的指控帮助她赢得了这场官司。

2. She made this difficult decision against her will.

她被迫作出了这个艰难的决定。

3. Do you believe this law discriminates against minorities?

你相信这条法律是对少数名族的歧视吗？

4. I' m against saying anything.

我反对说话。

5. Millions of women around the world are standing up for themselves in the fight against sexual harassment..

全世界数以百万的女性站出来与性骚扰做斗争。

6. The report argues against tax increases.

该报告陈述理由反对增税。

7. Suniya Luthar, a psychologist, is against paying kids for chores.

心理学家Suniya Luthar反对为孩子做家务付钱。

8. This is not an argument against target-setting.

这不是反对设定目标的理由。

9. Jim is a tennis pro: I’m not sure I want to play against him!

Jim是个职业网球选手。我当然不想跟他打啦！

10. People without health insurance are discriminated against when seeking treatment.

没有健康保险的人在寻求治疗的时候会受到歧视。

11. The peasants arose against their masters.

农民奋起反对奴役他们的人。

12. He is always against any idea I put forward.

他总是反对我提出的任何意见。

13. Teachers' unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones.

教师工会一直反对解雇坏教师，提拔好教师。

14. Argue for and against it.

支持它和反对它。

15. She leaned against my chest and fell asleep.

她倚着我的胸口睡着了。

16. The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy.

西班牙的例提供了支持和反对君主制的论据。

17. The architects rioted against the destruction of the oldest building in town.

建筑师集体抗议拆除镇上最古老的建筑。

18. He's dead against the idea.

他坚决反对这个想法。

19. To resist means to go against, to fight against.

阻挡就是反对，与它争战。

20. The unions voted against strike action.

工会投票反对罢工行动。

21. We need to unite against terrorism.

我们需要团结起来反对恐怖主义。

22. This proposal would blatantly discriminate against women.

这份提案是对女性公然的歧视。

23. The policy was challenged because it was overtly discriminatory against certain groups of people.

该政策受到了质疑，因为它对特定人群有明显的歧视。

24. She leaned against the wall.

她倚靠着墙。

25. My boys are against them.

我的孩子们反对他们

26. Labor Party has long been fighting against public-sector unions.

工党长期以来一直反对公共部门的工会。

27. The suggestion was approved, with 25 votes in favor, and 7 against.

该建议获得通过，25票赞成，7票反对。

近义词

1. prep. 反对，违反；靠；倚；防备

2. adj. 不利的；对立的

考纲分布

近6年出现163次 重要程度

77% prep 反对; 违反; 相反

10% prep 抵御; 防备

10% prep 与...竞争/比赛

2% prep 针对; 对...不利

1% prep 倚靠; 碰; 撞

1% prep 以…为背景; 衬托

考纲释义

1. prep. 反对; 违反; 相反(opposed to)

In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army.1935年，他回到中国，帮助抗击日军。[2018年 广州市卷 语法选择]

They have spent 16 years fighting against the desert.他们花了十六年时间和沙漠作斗争。[2018年 吉林省卷 阅读理解]

I don't think it is right to use photocopied materials even in the classroom because it's against the law.我认为，即使是在课堂上，使用影印材料也是不对的，因为这是违法的。[2018年 上海市卷 阅读理解]

2. prep. 抵御; 防备(as protection from)

With increased skills and experience, the people learnt how to make the boats stronger against rains and storms.随着技能和经验的增加，人们学会了如何使船只更坚固，以抵御风雨。[2019年 上海市卷 完成语篇]

Government in Quebec, Canada, stopped people selling the plant to businesses in order to protect the plant against being over-dug.加拿大魁北克省政府禁止人们向企业出售该植物，以保护该植物不被过度挖掘。[2018年 河南省卷 阅读理解]

People are holding many different events to fight against diseases.人们举办许多不同的活动来与疾病作斗争。[2018年 江西省卷 阅读理解]

3. prep. 与...竞争/比赛

People race against horses across the hills and mountains.人们越过山丘，与马赛跑。[2020年 广州市卷 阅读理解]

A few months ago I was nominated for Governor of the great state of New York, to run against Stewart and John.几个月前，我被提名为纽约州州长，与斯图尔特和约翰竞选。[2020年 温州市卷 阅读理解]

I heard you had a soccer match against Class 4 yesterday.我听说你昨天和四班进行了一场足球赛。[2018年 哈尔滨市卷 补全对话]

4. prep. 针对; 对...不利

He kept silent to the charges against him.他对针对他的指控保持沉默。[2020年 温州市卷 阅读理解]

I really felt dirty to run against them for all their shameful crimes that were reported on newspapers.同他们竞选我感到很不光彩，因为报纸报道了他们所有可耻的罪行。[2020年 温州市卷 阅读理解]

\I have had a most serious accusation (投诉) made against you by Mrs. Bond.\“我收到了邦德太太对你提出的最严重指控。”[2018年 武汉市卷 完形填空]

5. prep. 倚靠; 碰; 撞(close to, touching or hitting sb/sth)

When going to sleep, they have to attach themselves, so they don't float (漂浮) around or hit their bodies against something.睡觉时，它们必须附着在一起，这样它们就不会四处漂浮或撞到什么东西上。[2021年 眉山市卷 阅读理解]

Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.当雨开始猛烈地敲打窗户时，本正在帮助他的母亲。[2019年 呼和浩特卷 单项选择]

There she was, sitting against a tree near the post office.她就在那儿，靠着邮局附近的一棵树坐着。[2019年 潍坊市卷 完形填空]

6. prep. 以…为背景; 衬托(with something in the background, as a contrast)

The scene of the Five Starred Red Flag against the dark sky on the grey lunar surface was taken by a camera.在灰色的月球表面上，五星红旗映衬着黑暗的天空，这一场景被照相机拍摄下来了。[2021年 梧州市卷 判断对错]

必考短语

(1)fight against打击；斗争；抗击

(2)go against反对；抵抗；与…相反；对…不利的

(3)guard against防范；提防；避免

(4)race against和…比赛

(5)run against同...竞选；与...偶然碰见

(6)warn against警告；告诫；告诫（某人）提防...

(7)protect against预防；使…免受

(8)against the law违法

(9)compete against sb.与某人竞争

用法讲解

against用在fight，strive，struggle等词后面，同with意思相同，表“与...对立; 反对”。against侧重指一种困难中的反抗。

考纲分布

近12年出现9次 重要程度

33% prep 反对; 对抗; 反抗

22% prep (体育竞赛)…对…

22% prep 与…逆向

11% prep 倚着; 靠着

11% prep 以…为背景

考纲释义

1. prep. 反对; 对抗; 反抗

Less discrimination against women.减少对女性的歧视。[2021年 全国甲卷 阅读理解]

You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.你可以让环境对你有利，而不是不利。[2015年 全国卷2 阅读理解]

2. prep. (体育竞赛)…对…

It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.我突然意识到，对队里所有的女孩来说，与另一个队比赛是一个很好的学习机会。[2015年 全国卷2 完形填空]

This led to some painful experiences on Saturday as they played against teams better trained.这导致了他们在周六与训练有素的球队比赛时的一些痛苦经历。[2015年 全国卷2 完形填空]

3. prep. 与…逆向

I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow.我遇到了一块小空地，我立刻注意到枯黄的草地映衬着新雪。[2021年 全国甲卷 阅读理解]

4. prep. 倚着; 靠着

The tractor was resting against the crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously crossed the busy road with fast-flowing traffic.拖拉机正靠在中央保护区的防撞护栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流湍急的繁忙道路。[2020年 浙江卷 完形填空]

必考短语

(1)fight against打击；斗争；抗击

(2)race against和…比赛

(3)struggle against进行斗争；和...作斗争；对抗

(4)battle against与...作战

(5)compete against与…竞争；抗衡

(6)play against与…对抗；交手；比赛

(7)set against映衬

(8)turn against背叛；转而反对；变成和...敌对

考纲分布

近12年出现48次 重要程度

58% prep 反对; 违反; 相反

19% prep 抵御; 防备

15% prep 针对; 对...不利

4% prep 倚靠; 碰; 撞

4% prep 与...竞争/比赛

0% prep 迎着; 逆着

0% prep 衬托; 与...相对

考纲释义

1. prep. 反对; 违反; 相反(opposed to)

Suniya Luthar, a psychologist, is against paying kids for chores.心理学家Suniya Luthar反对为孩子做家务付钱。[2020年 CET4 阅读理解C]

The main argument against graffiti is that it spoils the appearance of both types of property: public and private.反对涂鸦的主要论点是，它破坏了公共和私人两种财产的外观。[2020年 CET4 阅读理解C]

The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time.反对体育教育的理由包括担心健身时间可能会占用学习时间。[2016年 CET4 阅读理解A]

2. prep. 抵御; 防备(as protection from)

When parents engage in play with their children, it builds a wall against the harmful effects of all kinds of stress.父母与孩子玩耍时，能为孩子筑起一道屏障来抵御各种压力的有害影响。[2020年 CET4 阅读理解B]

And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain's cognitive (认知的) reserve, Daffner says.达夫纳说，防止记忆丧失的最好办法是通过建立大脑的认知储备来预防。[2018年 CET4 阅读理解C]

Save against a rainy day.未雨绸缪。[2017年 CET4 听力]

3. prep. 针对; 对...不利

Many of them feel prejudiced against socially and culturally.他们中的许多人对社会和文化怀有偏见。[2021年 CET4 阅读理解C]

Punish teachers discriminating against left-handed students.惩罚歧视左撇子学生的老师。[2021年 CET4 听力]

There is discrimination against male nurses.男护士受到歧视。[2019年 CET4 听力]

4. prep. 倚靠; 碰; 撞(close to, touching or hitting sb./sth.)

I remember the harsh acid smell of the cleaning solution and the scraping sound of stiff iron brushes against rough brick.我还记得清洁剂强烈的酸味和坚硬的铁刷在粗糙的砖块上摩擦的声音。[2020年 CET4 听力]

When you think you are lost, lean against a tree, and bring your mind to a point where it's under control.当你觉得自己迷惘的时候，靠着一棵树，把你的思想带到一个你可以控制的点上。[2017年 CET4 听力]

5. prep. 与...竞争/比赛

We compete against market transitions (过渡) , not competitors.我们竞争的对手是市场转型，而不是竞争对手。[2017年 CET4 阅读理解B]

6. prep. 迎着; 逆着

They could fly against a strong wind.他们可以顶着强风飞行。[2017年 CET4 听力]

用法讲解

against用在fight，strive，struggle等词后面，同with意思相同，表“与...对立; 反对”。against侧重指一种困难中的反抗。

考纲分布

近12年出现3次 重要程度

200% prep 抵抗

0% prep 相反

0% prep 衬托

0% prep 反对

考纲释义

1. prep. 抵抗(as protection from)

Guard against their harm.防范他们的伤害。[2021年 CET6 听力]

2. prep. 相反(in or into contact with; in a direction opposite to)

At first, the web seemed to push against this trend.起初，万维网似乎与这一趋势背道而驰。[2021年 CET6 阅读理解C]

必考短语

(1)guard against防范；提防；避免

(2)warn against警告；告诫；告诫(某人)提防...

(3)file a lawsuit against起诉；对...提出诉讼

(4)rebel against反叛；反抗；叛逆

用法讲解

against用在fight，strive，struggle等词后面，同with意思相同，表“与...对立; 反对”。against侧重指一种困难中的反抗。

考纲分布

近18年出现76次 重要程度

53% prep 反对; 违反; 相反

16% prep 针对; 对...不利

12% prep 抵御; 防备

9% prep 与...竞争/比赛

5% prep 衬托; 与...相对

5% prep 倚靠; 碰; 撞

考纲释义

1. prep. 反对; 违反; 相反(opposed to)

Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change.森林给了我们阴凉、宁静，也是应对气候变化的最严峻挑战之一。[2019年 英语二 阅读理解A]

Enraged by Entergy's behavior, the Vermont Senate voted 26 to 4 last year against allowing an extension.佛蒙特州参议院对恩特基的行为感到愤怒，去年以26票赞成对4票反对允许延期。[2012年 英语一 阅读理解A]

In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor.在威斯康星州，工会已召集数千名支持者反对强硬的共和党州长Scott Walker。[2012年 英语一 阅读理解A]

2. prep. 针对; 对...不利

They are biased against car manufacturers.他们对汽车制造商有偏见。[2020年 英语二 阅读理解A]

Reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.揭示了对城市地区的强烈偏见。[2016年 英语一 阅读理解A]

Teachers, employers, and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese.教师、雇主和卫生专业人员都表现出对肥胖者的偏见。[2014年 英语二 完型填空]

3. prep. 抵御; 防备(as protection from)

That's likely because the rural poor are using the money as makeshift insurance policies against inclement weather, Ferraro says.费拉罗说，这可能是因为农村贫困人口将这笔钱用作应对恶劣天气的临时保单。[2021年 英语一 阅读理解A]

It protects against unfair competition.它防止不公平竞争。[2021年 英语一 阅读理解A]

No longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens.你再也不能为自己投保失业险，并在灾难发生时获得无条件付款。[2014年 英语一 阅读理解A]

4. prep. 与...竞争/比赛

Man will finally win the race against machine.人类将最终赢得与机器的竞争。[2014年 英语二 阅读理解A]

We need to reframe race against the machine as race with the machine.我们需要重构关系，把“人机对抗”变成“人机同跑”。[2014年 英语二 阅读理解A]

This was an average guy, up against the best trained, best equipped, fiercest, most brutal enemies seen in centuries.这是一个普通人，面对的是几个世纪以来最训练有素、装备最好、最凶猛、最残暴的敌人。[2012年 英语二 完型填空]

5. prep. 衬托; 与...相对(in contrast to)

It is against that background that the information commissioner, Elizabeth Denham, has issued her damning verdict against the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS.在这种背景下，信息专员伊丽莎白 德哈姆对公立医疗系统旗下的皇家免费医院进行指控。[2018年 英语一 阅读理解A]

Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure, younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success.在经济和人口结构急剧变化的背景下，年轻的美国人正在绘制新的21世纪成功路线图。[2016年 英语二 阅读理解A]

He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets.比起商业大街他更喜欢郊区的购物场所。[2016年 英语一 阅读理解A]

必考短语

(1)fight against打击；斗争；抗击

(2)go against反对；抵抗；违背；违反

(3)run against与...相撞；偶然碰见

(4)struggle against进行斗争；和...作斗争；对抗

(5)protect against预防；使...免受

(6)work against努力反对；努力抵制；竭力反对

(7)insure against给...保险；防止；防备

用法讲解

against用在fight、strive、struggle等词后，同with意思相同，不过against更强调一种困难中的反抗。